smoking in china facts

Awareness of the dangers of smoking, costs, and targeted policies and campaigns have all contributed to this decrease. Cigarette smoking among physicians, dentists, and nurses. Over 11 per cent of 6.4 million deaths worldwide was caused by smoking in 2015 and 52.2 per cent of them took place in China, India, USA, and Russia, according to the latest estimates in the … Hangzhou's people's congress had approved to ban smoking in public and working places in the beginning of 2010; smoking may be prohibited in some places and violators may be fined up to 3000 yuan. [citation needed], Impact of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, Arguments in favor of physicians' choice to smoke, Arguments against physicians' choice to smoke. Smoking Is Strictly Prohibited on High-Speed Trains. The ban in shopping centres, department stores, supermarkets, banks and game arcades has been in place since July 1998. Doctors who smoked were less likely to believe that smoking has a harmful effect on health compared to nonsmokers. Many believe that doctors should serve as exemplars, as sources of information about quitting, and as providers of support and encouragement for those who are trying to live healthier lives by giving up cigarettes.[33]. In light of its preparations to host the 2010 World Expo, the city of Shanghai had recently heightened its anti-smoking legislation. A campaign by China’s government to get its people to butt out has been largely successful with one glaring exception: The number of women that are lighting up has tripled in recent … In China’s ancient history, tobacco was heralded by military generals to have morale boosting powers and was crucial to the military. According to Li Zhongyang, the deputy head of the Shanghai Health Promotion Committee, the smoking ban was enacted to protect citizens' health and also promote Shanghai's image as a cosmopolitan city. Serving cigarettes … For instance, local exemptions to public indoor smoking bans are often made for small businesses, particularly in the restaurant and entertainment industries. [12] Wu Yiqun, vice executive director with the Beijing-based Thinktank Research Center for Health Development, criticized China's tobacco industry supervisory administration for "[failing] to oversee Chinese tobacco producers" in this aspect. ", The Beijing government has also adopted a policy of persuasion, combined with a fine of up to 5,000 yuan ($730) for violating the ban, in an attempt to further encourage citizens to curtail public smoking.[24]. [13] From 2009, Projects sponsored by Bloomberg Initiative and directed by Yang Tingzhong were designed as the first program to prohibit all forms of smoking in University campuses in China. An article published in 2009 interviewed a source who claimed that 60% of Chinese male doctors were smokers, a percentage higher than any other country's doctors in the world. [29] Fewer smokers also believed that physicians should serve as role models for their patients and that indoor smoking in hospitals should be prohibited. "[5], The "Decision" also encourages health administration offices to utilize mass media resources and draw upon large-scale publicity campaigns such as World No Tobacco Day in order to "actively promote the importance of implementing a total smoking ban in military and civil health administration offices and medical and health institutions. Tobacco use has been identified as an increasingly popular phenomenon in China, and Chinese physicians have been found to exhibit high smoking rates as well. [30], The smoking rates from these independent studies are lower than those reported by China's state-run newspaper. There are no smoke-free areas … Back to the Smoking Facts… 6. A list of 101 catchy no smoking slogans for fighting the cause of smoking. However, given the decreasing smoking rate in recent years mainly due to increasing tobacco tax, the government currently has no further plans to control sales of tobacco other than by adjusting taxation. Background China consumes about 40% of the world's cigarettes, predominantly by men, following a large increase in recent decades. [29] A study conducted among 800 Chinese male surgeons in 2004 found that 45.2% were smokers and 42.5% had smoked in front of their patients. Medical Anthropology 2008, Garfinkel L, Stellman SD. [32], Others may argue that since physicians influence the well-being of the general population, their high smoking rates serve as an unhealthy role model to Chinese citizens. The law bans smoking in 12 types of public places including indoor smoking at schools, hospitals, sport stadiums, public transport vehicles and Internet cafes. [WHO; Wikipedia “Smoking in the People’s Republic of China”] One of every three cigarettes consumed around the world is smoked in China. Tobacco kills more than 8 million people each year, translating to one smoking-related death every … Furthermore, outside the largest cities in China, smoking is considered socially acceptable anywhere at any time, even if it is technically illegal. China’s smoking population is in for a rude awakening in light of a new study from The Lancet medical journal. The China Tobacco Corporation produces 205 trillion cigarettes on an annual basis. As of 2018, a high percentage of the world population was covered by … [1] The China National Tobacco Corporation (中国烟草总公司 Zhōngguó Yāncǎo Zǒnggōngsī) is by sales the largest single manufacturer of tobacco products in the world and boasts a monopoly in Mainland China generating between 7 and 10% of government revenue. Because tobacco remains a significant source of both health risks and revenue for municipal and national governing entities,[6] specific Chinese tobacco control policies in different contexts may betray an overall position of ambivalence or inconsistency. Smoke-free list extends to healthcare facilities. [20] Another survey done by public health experts from Fudan University which involved 800 hotel guests and around 4,000 patrons and employees of restaurants, shops and entertainment venues in Shanghai found that about 73 percent of the hotel guests said Shanghai should adopt a smoking ban in public areas, 84 percent of restaurant guests reported exposure to second-hand smoke, and 74 percent of them were annoyed by the fumes and support smoking controls. [4] Nearly 60% of male Chinese doctors are smokers, which is the highest proportion in the world. The Chinese Association on Tobacco Control (中国控制吸烟协会 Zhōngguó kòngzhì xīyān xiéhuì) is engaged in tobacco control by members of the voluntary sector, including academic, social and mass organizations,[3] as strong enforcement of existing tobacco control laws is not supported by the Chinese Government. In fact, men are particularly at risk because cigarette use is highly gendered in … However, there is a lack of national legislation to ban smoking in workplaces. Chinese physicians and their smoking knowledge, attitudes and practices. You are … As a response to FCTC recommendations for reduction of access and supply-side tobacco regulation, the Ministry of Health is now targeting farmers to give up tobacco plantation and trying to “convince them that the tobacco industry can be replaced by other industries that are more healthy, sustainable and profitable.”[17], Another potential obstacle is the Chinese tobacco industry's lack of complete compliance with nationally defined policies regarding the correct presentation of warning labels on cigarette packages, which must be readily visible and cover at least 30% of the visible area of the packaging. China is the world’s largest consumer and producer of tobacco.China has about 350 million smokers and produces 42% of the all cigarettes in the world. A 2004 study conducted among 3,500 Chinese physicians found that 23% were regular smokers. [29], High tobacco use among physicians may be attributed to several factors. [SUPChina, “China’s Cigarette Smoking Epidemic” September 5, 2019] More than 300 million Chinese adults smoke—among them more than half of all Chi… Smoking in China is prevalent, as the People's Republic of China is the world's largest consumer and producer of tobacco:[1] there are 350 million Chinese smokers,[1] and China produces 42% of the world's cigarettes. The facts about smoking in China are scary and getting scarier by the minute: It produces more tobacco than any other country. It has an estimated 350 million smokers — that's 1 in 3 of the world's smokers. [10], Furthermore, the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project brings up the following persistent smoking issues in its 2009 report focused on China:[15]. [26] The public places for smoking ban included restaurants, entertainment outlets, schools, supermarkets, and governmental offices. And of course, for the sake of the public who would be visiting." However, very few smokers (5%) in the ITC China Survey reported thinking about price as a reason to quit smoking—a sign that prices are too low. Current tax regulations in Chinese tobacco control policy are limited, inconsistent, and tied to the structural intricacies of domestic ownership and control of tobacco production and distribution. According to Dr. Shigeru Omi, the WHO Regional Director for the Western Pacific region, "implementing the Convention will not be easy, as smoking is an ingrained habit in China ... but the Government has made clear its commitment to take action." About one-fourth of those smokers live in China and they are the fastest rising market … Thus it is prohibiting scenes of cigarette brands, people smoking at smoke-free places, minors buying and smoking cigarettes, and other smoking scenes associated with minors. The resources that are spent on medical school and hospital training might not be realized fully if physicians die prematurely from higher smoking rates. According to a report by the Fudan University Media and Public Opinion Research Center, 93.5% of the 509 people they interviewed supported a smoking ban at all Shanghai Expo 2010 pavilions and also felt that smoking should not be allowed in restaurants or shopping centers near the Expo area. Among non-smokers, 95.1% support a total ban in all schools, 78.1% support a total ban in hospitals and over 93.8% support a ban in public transport. In addition to passing the smoking ban, Shanghai legislators have designed a website "Smoke Free Shanghai" [23] to raise anti-smoking awareness. The most important one is lung cancer, which was newly diagnosed in nearly 800,000 patients in China in 2018. Jiang Y, Ong M K, Tong E K, et al. The economic burden of smoking estimated in terms of GDP reveals that smoking accounts for approximately 0.7% of China's GDP and approximately 1% of US GDP. As a matter of fact, in Italy it is only forbidden to smoke inside public spaces: cinemas, restaurants, clubs. In light of the passage of national tobacco initiatives and international publicity for the 2008 Summer Olympics, the Beijing city government extended a public smoking ban on May 1, 2008 to include sports venues and all indoor areas of government offices, transport stations, schools and hospitals. Tobacco use has been identified as an increasingly popular phenomenon in China, and Chinese physicians have been found to exhibit high smoking rates as well. ", "Taxation is a very effective method of reducing tobacco use. They have a slightly higher rate than Japanese physicians (20.2%) and Japanese physicians have a smaller gender discrepancy with 27% male and 7% of female doctors smoking. Exposure to secondhand smoke causes nearly 41,000 deaths … Also, the most concrete measure that has been taken is that Expo organizers refused a 200 million yuan ($29.3 million) donation from the Shanghai Tobacco Company last year to maintain their "healthy Expo" stance. The party-secretary smokes. 1-5 Smoking Facts 1. The overall daily smoking rate in Hong Kong is 11.8% (HK Department of Census and Statistics Household Thematic Survey 36) with 25% of males smoking whereas in China 63% of males smoke. [5] With an ever-increasing Chinese smoking population of over 350 million, the enactment of the May 20 initiative represents an important landmark in China's commitment to tobacco control. The industry supports around 20 million jobs, nearly 500,000 of which … The study warns that if current smoking rates in China prevail, two million … It may be argued that as responsible and informed adults, Chinese physicians should be given the choice of whether or not to smoke. [24] The ban had a generally strong impact, with poll results suggesting that a majority of Chinese residents (69% out of over 10000 respondents) are "not only aware of a smoking ban in Beijing, but [95% of respondents] also hope that the authorities promote the move nationwide. Among smokers, the polls found that 93.5% support a total ban on smoking in all schools, 75.5% support a total ban in hospitals, and 94.3% support a total ban in all public transport. [11] With an explicitly stated objective of "building smoke-free environments for the sake of enjoying healthy life",[12] the report has received strong support and praise from the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, a U.S. health advocacy group based in Washington, D.C.[11]. There was a significant gender difference, with 41% of male physicians reporting to be smokers but only 1% of female physicians. On October 11, 2005, China became the 78th country in the world to ratify the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), an international treaty intended to reduce tobacco-related disease and death. We assess sex-specific prevalence and changing patterns of smoking in Chinese adults in the current decade. [35] China also remains one of the three leading countries (along with India and the United States) in total number of female smokers, although these three countries accounted for only 27.3% of the world's female smokers, indicating that the tobacco epidemic is less geographically concentrated for women than for men.[35]. China loves to smoke, as these sobering statistics show. [2] Within the Chinese guanxi system, tobacco is still a ubiquitous gift acceptable on any occasion, particularly outside urban areas. ", This page was last edited on 3 December 2020, at 17:22. Smoking causes 1 in 5 deaths in the US annually. Methods A nationally representative survey of smoking … 371), first enacted in 1982 with several amendments subsequently. In fact, Chinese physicians who smoke may be able to form closer relationships with patients because of tobacco's role in the local culture as a commodity that promotes unity and friendship. Kohrman, Matthew. Chinese physicians have a substantially higher smoking prevalence than doctors in the United States (3.3%) or United Kingdom (6.8%). They only share a cigarette when they want to ease the nerves on a battlefield and bond as the brothers. Although there are already some smoking bans in places in these cities, government officials have realized that compliance rate is low and plans to issue a strict ban. [30] Contact, China has the largest number of obese children in the world, study says, For China’s Growing Middle Class, Expanding Waistlines Pose Problem, China Not Doing Enough to Stub out Smoking, Chinese Manufacturing | Fascinating Facts & Figures, Facts about China: CRIME, HUMAN RIGHTS & SUICIDE, Total population: 76.4 years (#51 world ranking). [12] Various health experts, activists, and public advocacy groups regard the Chinese government's escalating efforts toward tobacco policy as "surely good news for the country's smoking control progress. [9] China has also resolved to ban all tobacco vending machines,[9] as well as smoking in indoor work places, public areas, and public transportation vehicles.[10]. 3. We should do the same, at least during the Expo, since it is a cosmopolitan event. [27] Yang Tingzhong from Zhejiang University undertook campaigns and project sponsored by Bloomberg Global Initiative to ban smoking in university campuses at a nationwide scale. And to tell you the truth, with such a pressure-filled job, smoking is extremely helpful, at times soothing, at times energizing, at times helping me focus my attention when preparing for a complex surgery or facing a stack of paperwork 10:30 at night.[32]. China Daily. 2. [17], Also, enforcement of national tobacco-control policies is still largely sparse in rural areas, where the state-owned China National Tobacco Corporation exerts much of its influence in tobacco production and marketing. Smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. … According to one citizen that the public health experts from Fudan interviewed, "Smoking has been banned in public places in several countries. It has been a major health problem for many decades. [18], On February 12, 2011, State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, announced that it will ban inappropriate smoking scenes in movies and TV shows. Tobacco smoking is one of the world’s largest health problems. smoking prevalence in women aged 14–24 years.13 In 1988, 34% of male and 4% of female junior high school students in China reported smoking at least occasion-ally.4 Vocational/technical high schools had a higher smoking prevalence than other types of schools.12,13 A higher smoking … Smoking rates of China, Japan, United States and Russia in 2010. A direct positive public health impact of the Beijing smoking ban has manifested in the arena of fire prevention. Although China still lags behind many countries in implementing tobacco control policy, the Ministry of Health's May 20 initiative helped to establish more unified smoking controls and codify public health authority at broad administrative levels. Nearly all Chinese physicians (95%) believed that active smoking causes lung cancer and most believed that passive smoking causes lung cancer (89%), but current smokers were less likely to hold these health beliefs than nonsmokers were. Mortality rates for lung cancer are disproportionately high in China, and over 75 percent of lung cancer deaths in Chinese men are attributable to smoking. Current tobacco control legislation in China does not explicitly address gendered or social bases for smoking. China has a relatively low social disapproval rate of smoking—according to the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project (ITC), "only 59% of smokers think that Chinese society disapproves of smoking, the fourth lowest rate of 14 ITC countries surveyed. [2], Yang Gonghuan, deputy director of the National Center of Disease Control of China, said that progress on tobacco control is not moving quickly because the government derives large tax revenues from tobacco sales, and the industry employs a large workforce. Smoking bans in lifts, public transport, cinemas, concert halls, airport terminal and escalators had been phased in between 1982 and 1997. [21] While many interviewers found second-hand smoke itself toxic and damaging to citizen's health, a main reason behind popular support for the smoking ban relates to the citizen's concern for Shanghai's image. "[5], As polls from the 2007 Ministry of Health report showed, there is widespread public approval of smoking bans among residents of urban areas. 1 The health burden of smoking … [10], However, widespread apathy and tacit acceptance toward smoking policy are likely to predominate within large portions of the Chinese population. This dossier presents a range of statistics and facts about smoking in Italy. It has an estimated 350 million smokers — that's 1 in 3 of the world's smokers. Some of them even smoke boldly in hospitals or schools.”[17] This is problematic because, regardless of whether these professionals continue to smoke out of habit, social custom, or "apparent disregard" for evidence of smoking risk, they are still expected to "behave themselves and set a good example for others in tobacco control," Li says. Some bars, karaoke parlors, saunas and nightclubs were exempt until 1 July 2009. Smoking among Doctors: Governmentality, Embodiment, and the Diversion of Blame in Contemporary China. China is home to some 300m smokers, more than any other country; about half of men are regular smokers. According to Medical News Today, seven provincial capitals in China are taking steps to ban smoking in workplaces and public places. The practice is controversial because some believe that medical professionals should serve as role models of healthy behavior to their patients, while others believe that doctors should have the right to smoke because it is a personal matter. Prior to enacting the nationwide smoking ban, the Ministry of Health had already maintained active involvement in decrying the negative effects of smoking and striving toward decreased prevalence of tobacco use. Tobacco control legislation does exist, but public enforcement is rare to non-existent outside the most highly internationalized cities, such as Shanghai and Beijing. More than 16 million Americans are living with a disease caused by smoking. In China, smoking is strictly prohibited on high … In 2007, Guangzhou and Jiangmen became Guangdong's first two cities for experimental enforcement of total smoking ban at some public places. The announcement said smoking scenes are out of line with the country's stance on tobacco control, and are misleading to the public, especially minors. World J Surg 2009. After the announcement was done, the ban was effective immediately.[19]. Responding to criticism about the current legislation not being well enforced, Wang Yu, director of the China CDC explained that "This project would create strict legislation to guarantee 100-percent smoke-free public venues and workplaces and figure out a feasible and forceful working mechanism to enforce the smoking ban." However, by March 2010, the Guangzhou Municipal People's Congress prepared to lift the smoking ban in work places, including offices, conference rooms and auditoriums. Smoking deaths in China are set to triple to 3 million a year by 2050, according to a new study that examines the devastating toll of rising smoking rates on the country’s male population. [4], Smoking is a social custom in the PRC,[1] and giving cigarettes at any social interaction is a sign of respect and friendliness.[1]. [34], China remains one of the three leading countries (along with India and Indonesia) in total number of male smokers, accounted for 51.4% of the world's male smokers in 2015. Smoking is prohibited on all Chinese High-speed trains (G, D, C types train) now. [28]. [4] The Ministry said that as a "mid-term goal, all health administrations and half of the country's healthcare facilities should be smoke-free by the end of 2010". Most of them have no knowledge of the facts about smoking … Their backgrounds in science and medicine enable them to know more about the effects of smoking on the body compared to the general public, so a decision they make about tobacco may be more educated. The new daily average [after the extended smoking ban] was less than half of what was reported in the first four months of this year, when the city's firefighters had to put out 325 fires caused by cigarette butts, or 2.7 per day.". [32], Smoking is such a big part of being a doctor here. [31], Smoking rates among Chinese male physicians are comparable to the country's general population, although overall physician rates are lower. On May 29, 2007, the Ministry released a report (2007 年中国控制吸烟报告—The 2007 China Smoking Control Report) detailing alarming levels of secondhand smoke exposure (affecting over 540 million Chinese citizens), recommendations for legislation to reduce harm from secondhand smoke, and the feasibility of implementing public smoking bans based upon polling data. And whenever I walk into the duty office, most of my colleagues are smoking. To some 300m smokers, more than any other specialty are living with a disease caused by tobacco use smoking. China, Russia and Japan is from separate reports submitted to the Facts…... Is only forbidden to smoke more than any other country to the rates... Who smoke may also have a bias that prevents them from giving accurate information regarding the negative health effects tobacco... Been shown to influence his or her attitudes toward the dangers of tobacco in shopping centres, department stores supermarkets. 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