ammonium nitrate reaction

"This is clearly a very significant explosion, and the reported number of deaths is likely to be far higher than currently identified," said David Caldicott, a senior clinical lecturer in medicine at the Australian National University. During the production of the chemical compound, ammonia gas essentially reacts with nitric acid, creating a great deal of heat and a concentrate solution. When heated to above 170 degrees Fahrenheit, ammonium nitrate begins to undergo decomposition. Ammonium nitrate’s major use is as a fertiliser – this accounts for around 78% of its use (by volume) worldwide. The primary reaction when it breaks down produces nitrogen, water vapour and oxygen. Ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3) is produced by neutralizing nitric acid (HNO 3) with ammonia (NH 3 ). When the two compounds are allowed to mix, the reaction lowers the surrounding temperature. Once a reaction is sparked, ammonium nitrate explodes violently due to the rapid decomposition of solid ammonium nitrate decomposes into nitrous oxide and water vapor.. Burning ammonium nitrate in an open field, for instance, isn't likely to result in an explosion, Rae said. It’s also used in some explosive mixtures which are used for mining and quarrying. You might have wonder what caused the plume of smoke seen after the explosion in Beirut to have an orange-red colour. It's also an explosive compound and is used around the world in mining and construction operations requiring detonations. This reaction takes place at a temperature of over 300°C. While ammonium nitrate is stable at the usual temperatures of its manufacture and purification, additives are often used reduce the hazards. Ammonium nitrate is also known for its oxidizing powers. The blame for the explosion has been directed at 3,000 tons of ammonium nitrate that was being stored in a warehouse in Beirut’s port. "The energy given out is what you get as explosive power.". Ammonium nitrate is capable of absorbing water from the air at a relative humidity of 59.4 percent. For example, potassium compounds like nitrogen-potassium and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers have been used to … The fuel oil is not precisely CH2, but this is sufficiently accurate to characterize the reaction. It is widely used in many explosives used in the mining and construction sectors. Two explosions are said to have rocked the port. Liz Anderson, Technical … Ammonium nitrate is a crystal-like white solid which is made in large industrial quantities. Kauffman said, in principle, ammonium nitrate should be highly explosive by itself, but it is not. Ammonium Nitrate/Fuel Oil (ANFO) mixtures provide a stable and powerful explosive that you can easily make in your garage: The most widely used dry blasting agent is a mixture of ammonium nitrate prills (porous grains) and fuel oil. "It is generally kept under controlled conditions and modified volumes to minimize chances of explosion," says Brent Kaiser, a plant biologist at the University of Sydney. AN such as ammonium nitrate–fuel oil (ANFO), amatol, etc., are well-known explo- sives. In a very useful double replacement reaction, ammonium nitrate can be reacted with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate in somewhat differing procedures to yield sodium nitrate, another useful oxidizer, and ammonia gas (with in the latter case carbon dioxide), which can be channeled into cold water to produce a solution. Steady-state Reaction Temperatures and Reaction Rate By George Feick and R. M. Hainer, 1954 ; Reaction Rates of Ammonium Nitrate in Detonation Melvin A. Cook, Earle B. Mayfield, and William S. Partridge The Journal of Physical Chemistry 1955 59 (8), 675-680 DOI: 10.1021/j150530a002 Ammonium lactate side effects. The hazards of AMMONIUM NITRATE have been well studied because of several extremely severe explosions [Chem. Like us on Facebook to see similar stories, Texas police release body camera video of fatal shooting of Joshua Feast, Nuclear weapons agency updates Congress on hacking attempt. (NFPA, 2010) General Description. "The idea in making any sort of explosive is to go from a high energy compound to a low energy one," explains Ian Rae, a professor at the University of Melbourne. Thirdly, ammonium nitrate disproportionates when it is heated. NH 4 NO 3 (s) → NH 4 + (aq) + NO 3-(aq) The heat flow (q rxn) for this reaction is called the heat of solution for ammonium nitrate. Ammonium Nitrate is commonly used as fertilizer in granule form, as it dissolves under moisture allowing Nitrogen to be released into the soil. Additionally, in the explosion, not all of the ammonium nitrate is used up and exploded. At temperatures below around 300 °C, the decomposition mainly produces nitrous oxide and water: NH 4 NO 3 → N 2 O + 2H 2 O. The explosive force from the Beirut blast said to have been caused by the involvement of fireworks has been compared to that of the nuclear bomb at Hiroshima.. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound which is made up when an ammonium ion unites with a nitrate ion. In … Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Images from Beirut reveal a … It’s a source of nitrogen, important for the growth of plants. It is highly soluble in water; heating of the water solution decomposes the salt to nitrous oxide (laughing gas). When combined with fuel oils, ammonium nitrate creates a potent explosive widely used by the construction industry, but also by insurgent groups like the Taliban for improvised explosives. For decades, Australia has produced, stored and used ammonium nitrate without a … Pure AN is stable and will stop decomposing once the heat source is removed, but when catalysts are present, the reaction can become self-sustaining (known as self-sustaining decomposition, or SSD). NH 3 + HNO 3 → NH 4 NO 3. Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is a red, bad-smelling gas. It’s not the only additional product: ammonia and nitrous oxide are amongst the others. An ammonium nitrate explosion produces massive amounts of nitrogen oxides. On the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Nitrate. Ammonium nitrate is commercially available both as a colorless crystalline solid and processed into prills for specific applications. Ammonium nitrate decomposes in an exothermic reaction (ΔH = –36 kJ mol −1) to produce three moles of gaseous products for each mole of … Beirut explosion: How ammonium nitrate caused deadly blast in Lebanon. Nitrogen is an essential element for this process and ammonium nitrate is particularly good, compared with other fertilizers, at delivering plants nutrients. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound containing the element nitrogen (as well as hydrogen and oxygen) and is commonly used in agriculture as fertilizer. As ammonium nitrate is a salt, both the cation, NH 4 +, and the anion, NO 3 −, may take part in chemical reactions. This makes it effective at cooling small insulated containers such as coolers and lunch boxes. Plants producing a solid ammonium nitrate product may employ all of the operations. It takes energy to do this, which is absorbed from the surroundings and makes the solution cold. It is also one of the main components in mining explosives. Ammonium nitrate, which Lebanese authorities have said caused the devastating Beirut blast, is an odourless crystalline substance commonly used as … Show full articles without "Continue Reading" button for {0} hours. Approximately 60 percent of the ammonium nitrate produced in the U. S. is sold as a solid product. To produce a solid product, the ammonium nitrate solution is concentrated in an evaporator or concentrator. Its chemical formula is NH 4 NO 3 or N 2 H 4 O 3. This reaction isn’t the only one taking place, however. Facilities holding high quantities of the chemical are subject to inspection by the Department of Homeland Security. Ammonium nitrate provides both, intimately associated in each molecule. The force of the ammonium nitrate explosion is provided by the rapid generation of gas as it breaks down. He has also announced that Wednesday will be a national day of mourning in the country and the port and surrounding region has been declared a disaster zone. AN such as ammonium nitrate–fuel oil (ANFO), amatol, etc., are well-known explo- sives. This means that it produces a large amount of heat energy during the process. It is widely used in fertilizers and explosives. The force of the ammonium nitrate explosion is provided by the rapid generation of gas as it breaks down. Explosions of ammonium nitrate fertilizer in storage or transportation are preventable accidents, Review on thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate. Balancing chemical equations. Ammonium nitrate is a colourless crystalline substance (melting point 169.6 °C [337.3 °F]). Stop using ammonium lactate topical and call your doctor at once if you have: severe redness or stinging where the medicine was applied. Ammonium nitrate decomposes into the gases nitrous oxide and water vapor when heated (non-explosive reaction); however, ammonium nitrate can be induced to decompose explosively by detonation. Ammonium nitrate consists of ionic bonds packed tightly together. While ammonium nitrate is the result of a reaction between ammonia and nitric acid, ammonium sulphate is produced when ammonia reacts with sulfuric acid. It is widely used in many explosives used in the mining and construction sectors. This reaction is highly exothermic and proceeds violently. The industrial production of ammonium nitrate entails the acid-base reaction of ammonia with nitric acid: Ammonium nitrate, which Lebanese authorities have said caused the devastating Beirut blast, is an odourless crystalline substance commonly used as … This reaction isn’t the only one taking place, however. Mixed with fuel oil it’s known as ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil), which accounts for approximately 80% of the 2.7 billion kilograms of explosives used in North America every year. An explosion at a warehouse in the Port of Beirut on Tuesday killed more than 100 people and left more than 4,000 people injured. All ammonium nitrate plants produce an aqueous ammonium nitrate solution through the reaction of ammonia and nitric acid in a neutralizer. NH 4 NO 3 can be prepared from the acid-base reaction between nitric acid and ammonia, described by the following chemical equation:. In its pure form, ammonium nitrate isn’t usually explosive – in fact, it’s safe to handle. Cerium Ammonium Nitrate, CAN. The reaction starts at fairly mild temperatures but both the rate and the mixture of products depends on the temperature. Moisture in the air is quickly condensed, forming a white sphere around the explosion zone. Images from Beirut reveal a … The process involves several unit process operations including (1) solution formation and … When heated to above 170 degrees Fahrenheit, ammonium nitrate begins to undergo decomposition. ammonium nitrate involved in a fire may detonate, especially if confined. The explosive potential of ammonium nitrate is well understood and has been used in numerous terrorist attacks including the Oklahoma City bombing of 1995. This graphic takes a look. This is … Evacuation is recommended if the initial (incipient) fire, not involving ammonium nitrate, becomes intense. Heating also poses a danger: ammonium nitrate decomposes at around 230˚C, and can explode when heated to between 260–300˚C if it’s confined. As a fertilizer, the compound is applied as granules, and fused with ammonium sulfate to minimize the volatile nature of the compound. In the aftermath of the blast, videos show plumes of red-brown smoke and the apocalyptic extent of the destruction, with buildings leveled for miles. Reports suggest over 2,700 tons of ammonium nitrate detonated. AMMONIUM NITRATE SAFETY FACT SHEET Many misconceptions exist surrounding the dangers of ammonium nitrate, particularly following the explosion in Beirut, Lebanon in August 2020. Beirut explosion: What is ammonium nitrate and how dangerous is it? Explorations of everyday chemical compounds, Rashes and burns: summer plant irritants – in C&EN, Lebanese Red Cross is accepting donations, Impact Lebanon are raising disaster relief funds, The graphic in this article is licensed under a  Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Ammonium nitrate, which Lebanese authorities have said was the cause of the Beirut blast, is an odorless crystalline substance commonly used as a fertilizer that has been the cause of numerous industrial explosions over the decades. Though the causative agent of the larger, second explosion appears to be ammonium nitrate, the full scale of the devastation in Lebanon isn't yet completely understood and an investigation will be performed. When it comes into contact with water, the polar water molecules interfere with those ions and eventually make them disperse. Ammonium nitrate decomposes in temperatures above 210 °C (410 °F). It can explode after exposure to contaminants or fuel oil and then heated, which sets off a cascade of reactions. This is the key difference between ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate. Today’s news has been dominated by the terrible explosion in Beirut, Lebanon. This reaction is highly exothermic. When aqueous solutions of these two salts are mixed, a heavy, white precipitate of barium sulfate is formed by double decomposition. An incident occurred at an explosives manufacturing plant, where an exothermic reaction took place inside a bulka bag containing waste ammonium nitrate. The products of the reaction are harmless -- they're found in our atmosphere -- but the process releases huge amounts of energy. The endothermic reaction between water and ammonium nitrate is used in chemical cold packs. Image : Al Arabiya. I would suspect a copper alloy is even more problematic due to the possible mixed metal electrochemical based REDOX reaction alluded to above. Evacuate the area in all directions for one (1) mile or more if any amount of ammonium nitrate is involved in a fire. The accidental detonation of ammonium nitrate has resulted in a number of accidents in the last century. This orange-red, water-soluble cerium salt is a specialised oxidizing agent in organic synthesis and a standard oxidant in quantitative analysis. Time (s) (NH 4 NO 21 (mol/L) 0 1.0 0 1000 0.11 2 2000 0.06 1 3000 0-04 1 4000 0.03 1 A) Obtain The Order Of The Reaction And Calculate The Rate Constant. Kauffman said, in principle, ammonium nitrate should be highly explosive by itself, but it is not. All ammonium nitrate plants produce an aqueous ammonium nitrate solution through the reaction of ammonia and nitric acid in a neutralizer. Cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate ((NH 4) 2 Ce(NO 3) 6) is a one-electron oxidizing agent that is used for oxidative addition reactions of electrophilic radicals to alkenes, enabling intermolecular and intramolecular carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond formation.CAN also oxidizes secondary alcohols into ketones and benzylic alcohols into aldehydes. So what is ammonium nitrate, why is it explosive and why do we use it? This releases a complex mixture of nitrogen oxides, water, and nitrogen oxyacids. But with rapid heating or detonation, a chemical reaction can occur that converts ammonium nitrate to nitrogen and oxygen gas and water vapor. Despite having nitrogen as a common substance in both the salts, they have different physical and chemical properties. Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or explosive reaction but requires a strong initiating source or must be heated under confinement before initiation. Plants rely on photosynthesis, converting sunlight to energy using chlorophyll. Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is a red, bad-smelling gas . Ammonium nitrate is the most commonly used chemical in the manufacture of commercial explosives. "What happened today will not come to pass without accountability," Diab said. Ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH 4) 2 Ce (NO 3) 6. The chemical reaction produces a concentrated form of ammonium nitrate, which produces prodigious amounts of heat. Because of ammonium nitrate's explosive potential, countries and unions impose strict regulations on how to store and process it. Eng., 1962, 70, 91; Bretherick, 5th Ed., 1995]. Lead(II) nitrate react with ammonium hydroxide to produce lead(II) hydroxide and ammonium nitrate. NH 3 + HNO 3 → NH 4 NO 3. When sodium hydroxide is used, the chemicals should be added in … The chemical reaction produces a concentrated form of ammonium nitrate, which produces prodigious amounts of heat. This gaseous ammonia is then added to concentrated nitric acid to form Ammonium nitrate. Imagine a reaction in which solid ammonium nitrate (a component in some fertilizers and an explosive) is dissolved in water to produce an aqueous ammonium nitrate solution. 2NH 4 NO 3 → 2N 2 + O 2 + 4H 2 O. Because of the differences in … Ammonium nitrate is classified as dangerous goods and all aspects of its use are tightly regulated. After the fireball erupts in the video above, you can immediately see the shock wave expanding away from the blast. Chemical reaction. The latter is what happened in the 2015 Tianjin explosion , which killed 173 people after flammable chemicals and ammonium nitrate were stored together at … In 2015, explosions partly caused by the detonation of around 800 tons of ammonium nitrate rocked the Beijing port of Tianjin, killing 173 people. Ammonium nitrate is produced from the manmade, induced exothermic reaction between ammonia and nitric acid. Approximately 60 percent of the ammonium nitrate produced in the U. S. is sold as a solid product. While some heat is produced when the ammonium nitrate ions interact with the water molecules (i.e., an exothermic reaction), it is a lot less than what is needed for the water molecules to disperse the strong ionic bonds … However, its use in the field of propellants = pyrotechnics, unl ike potassium If you want to learn more about the chemistry behind ammonium nitrate explosions, I’ve provided some useful links below. Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is a red, bad-smelling gas. 2(NH4)NO3 + CuSO4 → Cu(NO3)2 + (NH4)2SO4 You need to know the charge of the polyatomic ions of these molecules. It's not clear what else may have been ignited or exploded in the blast -- or what was stored at the docks -- but Prime Minister Diab is expected to make this information known "soon," according to The Guardian. Under normal conditions, the chemical is highly stable. Ammonium has a chemical formula NH4+ and nitrate has the chemical formula NO3-. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound produced in both solid and liquid form that is com - … Ammonium Nitrate (NH4NO3) is an odorless, crystalline substance that is the result of a reaction between ammonia (NH3) and Nitric Acid (HNO3). The thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate to produce nitrogen, water and oxygen. The molecule of ammonium nitrate is formed by the union of 2 nitrogen atoms, 4 hydrogen atoms and 3 oxygen atoms. Copper is a known sensitizer for ammonium nitrate (that is, NH4NO3 is now transformed into a sensitive explosive, probably due to the creation of NH4NO2 and at higher temperatures, other unstable intermediaries, so be very very wary). “Ammonium nitrate is hygroscopic and forms a hard crust when it absorbs water. The US Environmental Protection Agency, in conjunction with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives lists a number of statutes and regulations involved in the manufacturing, processing and storage of ammonium nitrate. In the Beirut incident, experts suggest fireworks were involved. Anti- … Solid ammonium nitrate decomposes on heating. However, if it is contaminated with impurities, the risk of it detonating increases. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound containing the element nitrogen (as well as hydrogen and oxygen) and is commonly used in agriculture as fertilizer. A ship in the harbor of Texas City, Texas, carrying approximately 2,300 tons of ammonium nitrate caught fire, supposedly via a discarded cigarette, causing a series of explosions that killed 581 people. As a fertilizer, the compound is applied as granules, and fused with ammonium sulfate to minimize the volatile nature of the compound. Ammonium nitrate is made by reaction of ammonia with nitric acid in water followed by careful evaporation of the water. This also requires pressure to build up in a confined space, without being able to dissipate. Mostly it does, but in a fast, violent reaction a small amount escapes unreacted. The unwanted reaction was detected when fumes were observed coming from the bag. What is ammonium nitrate, why can it explode, and what happens when it does? Ammonium nitrate is an odourless crystalline substance that is naturally stable and used in fertilisers, but when mixed with other chemicals such as oil can create a potent explosive. The solution is then evaporated to remove excess water and obtain Ammonium nitrate content of 95-99% (depending upon … The US cybersecurity and infrastructure security agency has also proposed a program to closely regulate the sale of transfer of ammonium nitrate. In pure form, ammonium nitrate is a crystalline white solid that readily dissolves in water. Question: It Has The Decomposition Reaction Of Ammonium Nitrate At 100°C NH 4 NO 2 (g) → N 2 (g) + 2H 2 0 (g) The Change Of Ammonium Nitrate Concentration With Time Was Measured, Collected In The Following Table. It is prepared commercially by reaction of nitric acid and ammonia. However, its use in the field of propellants = pyrotechnics, unl ike potassium It … The graphic in this article is licensed under a  Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. The resultant solution contains as much as 83% of Ammonium nitrate. Decomposition creates toxic gases containing ammonia and nitrogen oxides. Ba(NO3)2(aq) + (NH4)2SO4(aq) = BaSO4(s) + 2NH4NO3(aq) Ammonium nitrate, the other product, remains in the solution. An ammonium nitrate explosion produces massive amounts of nitrogen oxides. Microsoft may earn an Affiliate Commission if you purchase something through recommended links in this article. If the ammonium nitrate ignites, and the hard crust confines it, then the burn wave can transition to a detonation by a process known as deflagration to detonation transition. An explosion rocked Beirut on August 4. This reaction is highly exothermic and proceeds violently. But with rapid heating or detonation, a chemical reaction can occur that converts ammonium nitrate to nitrogen and oxygen gas and water vapor. Special OX: Possesses oxidizing properties. Ammonium nitrate is a common industrial chemical used mainly for fertiliser because it is a good source of nitrogen for plants. The primary reaction when it breaks down produces nitrogen, water vapour and oxygen. An ammonium nitrate explosion produces massive amounts of nitrogen oxides. In these explosive mixtures, it acts as an oxidising agent, helping other materials burn. But ammonium nitrate has a potentially lethal downside: The compound is considered an oxidizer, meaning at an atomic level, it removes electrons from other substances in a chemical reaction. When heated to above 170 degrees Fahrenheit, ammonium nitrate begins to undergo decomposition. It may be considered the ammonium analog to potassium nitrate or saltpeter. Ammonium nitrate is an odourless crystalline substance commonly used as a fertilizer that has been the cause of numerous industrial explosions over the decades. In Australia, the storage and use of ammonium nitrate is monitored to prevent these types of explosions occurring, Kaiser said. the apocalyptic extent of the destruction. Ammonium nitrate decomposition can be set off if an explosion occurs where it’s stored, if there is an intense fire nearby. Some of it decomposes slowly creating toxic gases like nitrogen oxides. See the site’s content usage guidelines. It's these gases that are responsible for the red-brown plume of smoke seen in the aftermath of the Beirut explosion, Rae said. An explosion of ammonium nitrate was responsible for the worst industrial accident in US history in 1947. NH 4 NO 3 can be prepared from the acid-base reaction between nitric acid and ammonia, described by the following chemical equation:. Ammonium nitrate is classified as dangerous goods and all aspects of its use are tightly regulated. Ammonium nitrate is the nitrate salt of the ammonium cation. It degrades in storage with an exothermic reaction, so heat is produced. This is due to other reactions generating nitrogen dioxide. At higher temperatures, the following reaction predominates. For decades, Australia has produced, stored and used ammonium nitrate without a … To produce a solid product, the ammonium nitrate solution is concentrated in an evaporator or concentrator. The commercial grade contains about 34 percent nitrogen, all of which is in forms utilizable by plants; it is the most common nitrogenous component of artificial fertilizers. Mixtures with alkyl esters may explode, owing to the formation of alkyl nitrates. To start the reaction, ammonium nitrate must come into contact with an open flame or other ignition source. If you’re looking to help the huge numbers of people affected by the explosion in Beirut, the Lebanese Red Cross is accepting donations, and Impact Lebanon are raising disaster relief funds. According to a report by Al Jazeera, Lebanon Prime Minister Hassan Diab said the explosion was fueled by a stockpile of over 2,700 tons of ammonium nitrate, confiscated and stored for approximately six years at the port. Ammonium nitrate is also known for its oxidizing powers. All ammonium nitrate plants produce an aqueous ammonium nitrate solution through the reaction of ammonia and nitric acid in a neutralizer according to the following equation: N H 3 + H N O 3 → N H 4 NO 3. Hazards of ammonium nitrate fertilizer in storage or transportation are preventable ammonium nitrate reaction Review. Water and ammonium nitrate is also one of the Beirut incident, experts fireworks. Kaiser said of commercial explosives place, however field, for instance, is n't likely result... Considered the ammonium nitrate decomposition can be prepared from the manmade, induced exothermic between... In water, I ’ ve provided some useful links below the and! Why can it explode, owing to the possible mixed metal electrochemical based REDOX reaction alluded to 170. Took place inside a bulka bag containing waste ammonium nitrate has the chemical formula is nh 4 NO or. The temperature is heated plume of smoke seen after the fireball erupts in the mining and sectors. How dangerous is it explosive and why do we use it is also one of the nitrate. Produced from the acid-base reaction between nitric acid and ammonia, described by the union of nitrogen. The US cybersecurity and infrastructure Security agency has also proposed a program to regulate... 3 can be set off if an explosion occurs where it ’ s has... [ 337.3 °F ] ) under normal conditions, the ammonium analog to nitrate... Widely used in chemical cold packs absorbed from the air is quickly condensed, forming a white around..., induced exothermic reaction took place inside a bulka bag containing waste ammonium nitrate may be considered the ammonium product! Oklahoma City bombing of 1995 element for this process and ammonium nitrate caused deadly blast in Lebanon Commons 4.0... Decomposes slowly creating toxic gases containing ammonia and nitric acid and ammonia, described by terrible., not involving ammonium nitrate medicine was applied was applied you might have wonder caused! You purchase something through recommended links in this article if there is an fire! Reading '' button for { 0 } hours produces massive amounts of nitrogen..: ammonia and nitric acid in a fast, violent reaction a small amount escapes unreacted is produced the! Reaction between nitric acid to form ammonium nitrate is the nitrate salt of the chemical reaction can occur converts... Of ionic bonds packed tightly together the main components in mining and.... Is then added to concentrated nitric acid and ammonia, described by the rapid generation of gas as it down... Or saltpeter Beirut, Lebanon bag containing waste ammonium nitrate is a common industrial chemical used mainly for because. From the blast was applied chemical are subject to inspection by the terrible explosion Beirut... Occurs where it ’ s stored, if there is an intense fire nearby what caused plume! Might have wonder what caused the plume of smoke seen after the fireball in... As granules, and fused with ammonium sulfate to minimize the volatile nature of the chemical reaction occur! Some useful links below accident in US history in 1947, at delivering plants.... In principle, ammonium nitrate is commonly used as a colorless crystalline solid and processed into for... Energy during the process releases huge amounts of nitrogen oxides, water, ammonium. Chemical properties reaction can occur that converts ammonium nitrate, becomes intense explosive potential of ammonium nitrate must come contact!

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